TCP/IP Model
This page will be kept updated.
- 4-layer model of network.
- Compared to OSI model, TCP/IP is more relevant to actual world network system.
Layer1) Network Interface
- It represents physical and electrical characteristics.
- ex) Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, RS-232
Layer2) Internet
- Packages data into IP datagrams
- Route IP datagrams across networks
- ex) IP, ICMP, ARP, RARP
Layer3) Transport
- This layer provides communication session management between hosts.
- ex) TCP, UDP
Layer4) Application
- It Defines protocols.
- ex) HTTP, TELNET, FTP, SNMP, DNS, SMTP, SSL, TLS…
How to transfer data over networks?
Ports
- It can be 0 to 65,535
- It is divided into ‘Reserved Ports’ and ‘Ephemeral Ports’
- Reserved : 0 to 1023
- Ephemeral : 1025 to 65,535 short-lived transport port.
Data Transfer
It contains the destination IP address and port information.
IPv4 Packets
- Source/Destination Address
- IP Flags
- Protocol (TCP? UDP?)
What are some famous Ports and Protocols?
You can check the ports
netstat -ano | find ":Required port number"
